(a) XRD pattern of sputtered ZnO film on p-Si substrate. (b) The optical transmittance spectra of ZnO film. The inset shows the plot of (αhν)2 versus hν for the ZnO film.
The crystallinity of the sputtered ZnO film on the p-Si substrate…

(a) XRD pattern of sputtered ZnO film on p-Si substrate. (b) The optical transmittance spectra of ZnO film. The inset shows the plot of (αhν)2 versus hν for the ZnO film.
The crystallinity of the sputtered ZnO film on the p-Si substrate…

Nature, Published online: 24 October 2025; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-03487-6
Remains of some of the 300,000 soldiers who died on the retreat from Moscow reveal two bacterial diseases that probably added to the death count.

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AI’s inclination to be helpful affects many of the tasks that researchers use LLMs for.Credit: Smith Collection/Gado/Getty
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