Analysis of Cu–Cu direct bonding and grain growth across the bonding interface
Figure 2(a) shows an IPF-Z mapping image of the Cu(500 nm)/Ti(200 nm) seed layer. The granular Cu microstructure is clearly evident, and the Cu grains have a…
Category: 4. Physics
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Bloch oscillations of a soliton in a one-dimensional quantum fluid
Bloch, F. Über die Quantenmechanik der Elektronen in Kristallgittern. Z. Phys. 52, 555–600 (1929).
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Zener, C. A theory of the electrical breakdown of solid dielectrics. Proc. R….
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Physics-informed neural operators for generalizable and label-free inference of temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties
Problem formulation
The steady-state behavior of TE materials is governed by the conservation of electric charge and energy35:
$$\nabla \cdot{\boldsymbol{J}}=0$$
(1)
$$\nabla…
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Defective states of Hermite-Gaussian modes for long-distance image transmission and high-capacity encoding
Concepts and principle
The eigenmodes of lasers are solutions to the Helmholtz equation under the paraxial approximation, which means that their intensity distribution remains invariant during propagation, with only a scaling effect due to beam…
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Comparative analysis of ALA mediated sonodynamic therapy considering tumor size, light combination and ultrasound delivery in murine cutaneous melanoma
World Cancer Research Fund International. Skin cancer statistics (2022). Online (2024).
American Cancer Society. Key statistics for melanoma skin cancer. Online (2024).
Society of Immunotherapy of Cancer. Staging melanoma. Online (2024).
AIM at…
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Anisotropic temperature-dependent lattice parameters and elastic constants from first principles
The free energy
Consider the crystallographic parameters, including lattice constants, cell angles, and internal atomic positions, represented by Cγ, with γ ranging from 1 to NC. In a scenario where symmetries are ignored, NC is given by 6 +…
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Collaborative design of polarization and antiferrodistortion configurations in high energy capacitive relaxor ferroelectrics
Modulation of polarization and antiferrodistortion configurations
For the identification of the local polar structure of the designed NN-based RFEs, the detailed polar structures of both samples were carried out by transmission electron…
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Latest Data Rule Out a Leading Explanation of a Neutrino Anomaly
• Physics 18, s115
The MicroBooNE experiment’s five-year dataset has shown that an unpredicted neutrino-flavor oscillation is not the cause of anomalous results obtained by its predecessor.
MicroBooNE Collaboration
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AI That Finds “Shadows” in Fusion Reactors Could Unlock Clean Energy Faster
A new AI tool is giving fusion research a huge boost by spotting hidden “safe zones” inside reactors where parts are shielded from scorching plasma heat. Called HEAT-ML, the system can do in milliseconds what once took half an hour, allowing…
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Record-Breaking “Watermelon” Nucleus Could Rewrite Atomic Science
After more than 30 years, physicists in Finland have uncovered the heaviest nucleus ever seen to emit a proton, a rare process that sheds light on the limits of atomic matter. The discovery of 188-astatine — an oddly “watermelon-shaped”…
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