Category: 4. Physics

One hundred years ago, Wolfgang Pauli (pictured left, with Niels Bohr on the right) published the paper that would, in 1945, earn him a Nobel Prize. Pauli had first described the exclusion principle — declaring that in the atom, no two…

X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis

Figure 1 depicts the XRD pattern of undoped CaF₂ and CaF₂: Er/Yb nanoparticles with standard diffraction patterns(ICDD file no. 01-077-2093). Both experimental XRD patterns arewell-matched with the XRD standard…

At 2 a.m., on 5 February 1980, a German scientist watching the trace on his X–Y recorder at the high magnetic field lab in Grenoble, France noticed something in his data that made him pause. The resistance of the sample he was measuring…

Sample preparation

BTSx (x = 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12) individual powders were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The raw materials of barium carbonate (BaCO₃, 99.95%), titanium dioxide (TiO₂, 99.99%), and stannic oxide…

Quantum S-AES Oracle

Grover-based algorithms attack S-AES by searching the target item in an unstructured database containing N items. Initially, the quantum state is prepared in a superposition state \(\left\vert {\psi }_{0}\right\rangle…

Quadruple ins/ab initio PM-test

First, we identify which vibrational modes are most relevant for the INS/ab initio test of the PM on wurtzite-Zn_1xMg_xS (abbreviated PM-test), and discuss preliminary Raman results.

Four atoms per primitive cell in…

Experimental setup

We consider an ensemble of Rydberg atoms at room temperature. As illustrated in Fig. 1a, two laser beams, referred as probe and coupling, excite the ground state \(\left\vert g\right\rangle \) to the Rydberg state \(\left\vert…

HL-3

The HL-3 (previously named HL-2M) Tokamak is an experimental fusion device constructed at the Southwestern Institute of Physics in China. It is designed to operate at plasma current I_p = 3 MA, toroidal field B_t = 3 T, major radius…

Doping dependence

Figure 1 illustrates the doping dependence of the electronic structure of Sr_2−xLa_xIrO₄ from the pristine compound to x = 0.2. Incoherent spectral weight near the Fermi energy E_F first appears at x = 0.02. However, a defined…