Data acquisition and experimental paradigm
Participants and ethical considerations
The experimental protocol was designed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board43,44. A total of \(N = 15\)…

The experimental protocol was designed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board43,44. A total of \(N = 15\)…

Global CO2 Emissions from Transport by Sub-sector in the Net Zero Scenario, 2000–2030 (International Energy Agency, 2022); https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics
Anika, O. C. et al. Prospects of low and zero-carbon renewable fuels in 1.5-degree…

Irfan, M., Rehman, H., Almusawa, H., Rasheed, S. & Baloch, I. A. M-Polynomials and topological indices for line graphs of chain silicate network and H-naphtalenic nanotubes. J. Math. 2021, 5551825 (2021).
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Ong, K. L. et al. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet402, 203–234 (2023).
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Accordingly, the optimization task can be formulated as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) characterized by the quintuple \({\mathcal{M}} = \{ {\mathcal{S}},{\mathcal{A}},{\mathcal{P}},{\mathcal{R}},\gamma \}\)….

The hits in the pixel sensors are analogs of small-scale features in a visual image, since the hit resolution is \(\mathcal O\)(10 \(\mu\)m) and two particles can record hits separated by \(\mathcal O\)(100 \(\mu\)m). Analogously to…

Singh, I., Singh, S. K., Kumar, S., & Aggarwal, K. Dropout-VGG based convolutional neural network for traffic sign categorization. In Congress on Intelligent Systems. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies (eds…

We adopted a restricted solid-on-solid (RSOS) model24,25 on a square lattice with nearest-neighbour (nn) height differences being restricted to zero or ± one. It should be noted that the height difference \(\Delta h\) in the…

This study proposes an online personalized English learning path recommendation method that integrates knowledge graphs with deep reinforcement learning, aiming to achieve precise modeling of individual learner differences and dynamic…

This section provides a critical analysis of four useful datasets utilized in indoor localization research: the BLE-based indoor localization dataset25, the UJIIndoorLoc dataset21, the TUJI dataset23, and the SODIndoorLoc dataset24. Each dataset…