Category: Engineering

Variation of natural dry weight with depth

Figure 6 plots the variation of natural dry bulk weight with depth. The Figure shows that the riffle slopes of the three work sites all significantly change surface dry bulk weight in the depth range of…

The GPSO-BP neural network is applied to the back analysis of surrounding rock parameters in the Zhaotong Tunnel, offering predictions and guidance for subsequent construction.

Engineering background

The Zhaotong Tunnel, a key project connecting…

Site selection analysis

Using ArcGIS geospatial analysis software, a preliminary site selection process was developed based on constraints, including an elevation difference approximating a head greater than 100 m and a distance-to-head ratio…

Bentonite and Kaolinite are clay minerals that exhibit distinct behavior in response to water, primarily due to variations in their crystalline structures. Bentonite, predominantly composed of Montmorillonite, has a high water absorption…

Currently, there are only a limited number of experimental studies focused on air-pipe cooling in mass concrete. However, experiments involving mass concrete components typically entail significant time and financial investments. It is essential…

Geometry and notation

In Fig. 1a, the PEMS system is axially symmetric¹ and consists of the electromagnet and the floating magnet, whereas the electromagnet includes the iron core and the coil. The geometries of each component are labelled out in…