In-situ copper-based metal–organic framework tailored clay synthesis for efficient pharmaceutical removal: Comprehensive adsorption and optimization studies

Characterization

Figure 1a shows XRD diagrams of 5CuMMT, 10CuMMT, and 20CuMMT composites before adsorption. The diffraction peaks observed at 2θ = 19.61°, 27.92°, 35.09°, and 60.25° correspond to the MMT’s main mineral component³⁴. The…